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MRI Can Help Detect Prostate Cancer Better and Reduce Unnecessary Biopsies

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MRI Can Help Detect Prostate Cancer Better and Reduce Unnecessary Biopsies

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Many men are tested using a blood test called PSA. If the PSA level is high, doctors usually suggest a biopsy to check for cancer. But this method often finds cancers that may never cause harm, leading to unnecessary worry and treatment.

A new study looked at whether using MRI scans before or after the PSA test could make screening safer and more accurate. Researchers reviewed several studies that compared MRI-based screening with traditional PSA and biopsy methods. They found that using MRI helps doctors find more serious cancers while avoiding unnecessary biopsies.

When MRI was used first, it detected about twice as many significant cancers as when it was used only after a high PSA test. It also helped many men avoid biopsies if their MRI looked normal. When MRI was used after a high PSA result, it reduced the number of biopsies by almost half, while still finding the cancers that matter most.

Using MRI in this way means fewer men have to go through the discomfort and risks of biopsy. It also helps avoid overdiagnosis—finding cancers that would never cause problems. The results show that MRI-based screening offers more benefits than harm for most men.

The researchers say more work is needed to make sure MRI scans and biopsy methods are done in the same way everywhere. This will help doctors offer the safest and most reliable care.

DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2025.05.038

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