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New AI Tool May Help Some Men Avoid 2 Extra Years of Prostate Cancer Treatment

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Development and Validation of an Artificial Intelligence Digital Pathology Biomarker to Predict Benefit of Long-Term Hormonal Therapy DOI 10.1200JCO.24.00365

Men with high-risk prostate cancer often get radiation along with hormone therapy. The hormone therapy—called androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)—can last for years. While it helps some men, it also causes side effects like hot flashes, tiredness, and loss of sex drive.

Doctors have wondered if all men really need long-term ADT. A new study tested a smart computer tool to help answer that question.

Researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI) system to look at prostate biopsy images and patient data. It predicted which men would benefit from 28 months of hormone therapy, and which would do just as well with just 4 months.

The AI was tested on a group of over 1,100 men. It found that two out of three men had a lower chance of cancer spread if they got the longer treatment. But the other one-third had no extra benefit from the longer therapy. That means some men may be able to safely skip 2 extra years of hormone therapy—and the side effects.

This is the first tool of its kind to be tested in large trials. It may help doctors offer more personalized treatment.

If you have high-risk prostate cancer, this kind of AI testing may soon help guide your treatment plan.

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